Stuff & Things

Calcium Magnesium Balance
Posted by Dr Sircus on December 8, 2009 | Filed under Cardiology, Magnesium, Medicine

A healthy cell has high magnesium and low calcium levels. Calcium can lodge anywhere in your body and cause serious harm if not balanced with magnesium, which regulates the action of calcium. For instance, excess calcium buildup around your bones and joints mimics arthritis. Too much calcium lodged in your heart imitates arterial lesions. Calcification or calcium poisoning can manifest as heart disease, cancer, wrinkled skin, kidney stones, osteoporosis, dental problems, bone spurs, cataracts and many other health problems.


Dr. Garry Gordon wrote, “If you have compromised cell membranes or low ATP production for any reason, then the cell has trouble maintaining the normal gradient. This is because the usual gradient is 10,000 times more calcium outside of cells than inside; when this is compromised you will have increased intracellular calcium, which seems to always happen at the time of death. Whenever intracellular calcium is elevated, you have a relative deficiency of magnesium, so whenever anyone is seriously ill, acute or chronic, part of your plan must be to restore magnesium, which is poorly absorbed through oral means.”



Countries with the highest calcium to magnesium ratios (high calcium and low magnesium levels) in soil and water have the highest incidence of cardiovascular disease. At the top of the list is Australia. In contrast, Japan with its low cardiac death rate cites a daily magnesium intake as high as 560 milligrams.

Adequate levels of magnesium are essential for the heart muscle. Those who die from heart attacks have very low magnesium but high calcium levels in their heart muscles. Patients with coronary heart disease who have been treated with large amounts of magnesium survived better than those with other drug treatments. Magnesium dilates the arteries of the heart and lowers cholesterol and fat levels.



It is magnesium that controls the fate of potassium and calcium in the body. If magnesium is insufficient, potassium and calcium will be lost in the urine and calcium will be deposited in the soft tissues (kidneys, arteries, joints, brain, etc.). Magnesium and calcium complete for many of the body’s chemical pathways.



Magnesium and calcium are paired minerals. Several studies have reported that increasing calcium in the diet significantly reduces the absorption of magnesium. Calcium intakes above 2.6 grams per day may reduce the uptake and utilization of magnesium by the body and increase magnesium requirements. So much stress is placed on the importance of calcium by the dairy industry that we may, in fact, be harming our magnesium absorption.



A healthy cell has high magnesium and low calcium levels. The higher the calcium level and the lower the magnesium level in the extra-cellular fluid, the harder is it for cells to pump the calcium out. The result is that the mitochondria gradually calcify and energy production decreases with low magnesium levels. Our biochemical age could theoretically be determined by the ratio of magnesium to calcium within our cells.

Without sufficient magnesium, calcium can collect in the soft tissues and cause arthritis. In arthritics calcium is poorly absorbed into their blood and bones. Some researchers estimate that the American ratio of calcium to magnesium is actually approaching 6:1, while the recommendation for healthy living is actually 2:1. But even 2 parts of calcium to 1 part of magnesium is probably too high, since current research on the Paleolithic or caveman diets show that the ratio of their diet was 1:1. [1]

Medical authorities claim that the widespread incidence of osteoporosis and tooth decay in western countries can be prevented with a high calcium intake. However, Asian and African populations with a low intake (about 300 mg) of calcium daily have very little osteoporosis. Bantu women with an intake of 200 to 300 mg of calcium daily have the lowest incidence of osteoporosis in the world. [2] In western countries with a high intake of dairy products, the average calcium intake is about 1,000 mg. With a low magnesium intake, calcium moves out of the bones to increase tissue levels, while a high magnesium intake causes calcium to move from the tissues into the bones. Thus high magnesium levels leads to bone mineralization.

Dr. Karen Kubena, associate professor of nutrition at Texas A & M University indicates that even if you monitor your magnesium level closely, you’re still at risk for migraines if your calcium level is not balanced. It seems that higher than normal blood levels of calcium cause the body to excrete the excess calcium, which in turn triggers a loss of magnesium. “Let’s say you have just enough magnesium and too much calcium in your blood. If calcium is excreted, the magnesium goes with it. All of a sudden, you could be low in magnesium,” says Dr. Kubena. [3]

If calcium is not taken with enough magnesium it will cause more harm than good. The unabsorbed calcium can lodge anywhere in the body and provoke practically any disease. For instances, if it lodges in your bones and joints, it leads to some forms of arthritis; if it lodges in your heart, it leads to arterial lesions; if it lodges in your lungs it provokes respiratory problems, and more.

Despite the crucial relationship between calcium and magnesium, a recently published study announced that most U.S. children don’t get enough calcium in their diets, and pediatricians should intervene to help remedy the problem. These guidelines were issued February 2006 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. [4] The proportion of children who receive the recommended amounts of calcium declines dramatically after the second year of life, reaching a nadir during adolescence, said Dr. Nancy F. Krebs, of the University of Colorado in Denver, head of the academy committee that wrote the guidelines.

Adolescent girls are faring the worst, Dr. Krebs and colleagues reported. Only about 10% of girls ages 12 to 19 are getting the recommended amount of calcium. For boys, the figure is about 30%, according to the guidelines. Not a word is mentioned about magnesium as the committee goes on to recommend increasing calcium intake through the use of fortified foods and calcium supplements. Is a medical crime being committed when these pediatricians fail to address the crucial relationship between magnesium and calcium? Our affirmative answer is sustained when reviewing the materials presented below.

According to the University of Florida Shands Cancer Center a high level of calcium in the blood, called hypercalcemia, [5] may become a medical emergency. [6] This disorder is most commonly caused by cancer or parathyroid disease but underneath the primary etiology is probably magnesium deficiency. Hypercalcemia is commonly attributed to either the cancer treatment or the cancer itself and may make it difficult for doctors to detect hypercalcemia when it first occurs. This disorder can be severe and difficult to manage especially because doctors have not a clue about the underlying relationship between excess calcium and low levels of magnesium. Severe hypercalcemia is a medical emergency that can be avoided if magnesium levels are brought up to normal.



Because of the totally distorted way medical science relates to magnesium, the medical profession makes mistakes with calcium recommendations. It’s still common to hear the assumption about calcium’s ability to help prevent osteoporosis (weakening of the bones usually associated with aging). The fact is that increasing magnesium intake increases bones density[7] in the elderly and reduces the risk of osteoporosis. “Higher Magnesium intake through diet and supplements was positively associated with total-body bone mineral density (BMD) [8] in older white men and women. For every 100 mg per day increase in Mg, there was an approximate 2% increase in whole-body BMD,” said Dr. Kathryn Ryder.



“Bones average about 1% phosphate of magnesium and. teeth about 1% phosphate of magnesium. Elephant tusks contain 2% of phosphate of magnesium and billiard balls made from these are almost indestructible. The teeth of carnivorous animals contain nearly 5% phosphate of magnesium and thus they are able to crush and grind the bones of their prey without difficulty,” wrote Otto Carque (1933) in Vital Facts About Foods.

Some people, like a spokesperson for the UK-based charity, the National Osteoporosis Society, continue to think “magnesium deficiency is, in fact, very rare in humans.” So they cannot get it through their heads that magnesium deficiency, not calcium deficiency, plays a key role in osteoporosis. It is no surprise when we find more studies suggesting that high Ca intake had no preventive effect on the alteration of bone metabolism in magnesium-deficient rats, [9] and that not only severe but also moderate dietary restriction of magnesium results in qualitative changes in bones in rats. [10] The results from some of these studies may be surprising to some. While we have no reason to question the importance of calcium in bone strength, we have plenty of reason to doubt the value of consuming large amounts of calcium as currently recommended for adults and young people alike. [11]



While most sources understand that calcium is important in the growth and development of children, little attention is paid to the role of magnesium or magnesium deficiency or the need to maintain the intricate balances of each – and other nutrients as well. Back in the 1950s, Dr. Barnett examined the bone content of healthy people and compared it with the content of people suffering from severe osteoporosis. He found there was little difference among the calcium, phosphorus, and fluoride content of the bones of the individuals. The magnesium content in the bones of the healthy people, however, was 1.26%. That of the osteoporosis victims was .62% or slightly less than half. Many years ago Dr. Barnett conducted tests on 5,000 people and found about 60% of them deficient in magnesium. Today we find the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) placing that number officially at 68%. How is it that so many in the medical profession can ignore this clinical reality and go on pretending that magnesium deficiency in the general population is rare?

[12]

The current focus on increased need for calcium in a magnesium-deficient population can easily push those already receiving adequate amounts of calcium in their daily diets over the edge into high levels, thus causing depletion of magnesium and related health problems. The American Diabetes Association in their 2006 guidelines for diabetes and pre-diabetes join the Pediatricians, and do not recommend that magnesium is considered in any significant way when making treatment and nutritional recommendations. This is in the face of overwhelming evidence over the years that magnesium is even more deficient in diabetics and dietary recommendations are not combating the issue. This medical review is important exactly because large segments of the medical establishment are choosing ignorance in relationship to magnesium and calcium, thus misleading the public and letting them be ravaged by iatrogenic disease, coincidentally a situation where billions of dollars are made.

Despite the fact that serum levels of magnesium are not the best indicator of adequate magnesium levels, some studies have shown that when magnesium deficiency was induced in humans, the earliest sign was decreased serum magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia). Over time serum calcium levels also began to decrease (hypocalcemia) despite adequate dietary calcium and increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. Usually increased PTH secretion quickly results in the mobilization of calcium from bone and normalization of blood calcium levels. As the magnesium depletion progressed, PTH secretion diminished to low levels. Along with hypomagnesemia, signs of severe magnesium deficiency included hypocalcemia, low serum potassium levels (hypokalemia), retention of sodium, low circulating levels of PTH, neurological and muscular symptoms (tremor, muscle spasms, tetany), loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and personality changes. [13] Hypercalcemia can cause magnesium deficiency and wasting. [14]

It is medical wisdom that tells us that magnesium is actually the key to the body’s proper assimilation and use of calcium, as well as other important nutrients. If we consume too much calcium, without sufficient magnesium, the excess calcium is not utilized correctly and may actually become toxic, causing painful conditions in the body. Hypocalcemia is a prominent manifestation of magnesium deficiency in humans.[15] Even a mild degree of magnesium depletion significantly decreases the serum calcium concentration.[16]

The adverse effects of excessive calcium intake may include high blood calcium levels, kidney stone formation and kidney complications. [17] Elevated calcium levels are also associated with arthritic/joint and vascular degeneration, calcification of soft tissue, hypertension and stroke, and increase in VLDL triglycerides, gastrointestinal disturbances, mood and depressive disorders, chronic fatigue, and general mineral imbalances including magnesium, zinc, iron and phosphorus. High calcium levels interfere with Vitamin D and subsequently inhibit the vitamin’s cancer protective effect unless extra amounts of Vitamin D are supplemented. [18]

William R. Quesnell, author of Minerals: The Essential Link to Health, said, “Most people have come to believe nutrition is divisible, and that a single substance will maintain vibrant health. The touting of calcium for the degenerative disease osteoporosis provides an excellent example. Every day the media, acting as proxy for the milk lobby, sells calcium as a magic bullet. Has it worked? It has definitely worked for milk sales; however, for American health it has been a disaster. When you load up your system with excess calcium, you shut down magnesium’s ability to activate thyrocalcitonin, a hormone that under normal circumstances would send calcium to your bones.”

When it comes to magnesium and calcium neither can be divided from the other. One is not divisible from the other in terms of overall effect. They are paired minerals yet it is magnesium that holds the overall key for their paired function. In truth magnesium holds the key to life. It is, as the Chinese say, the most beautiful of all metals. It is a nutritional element that can and is used as a medicine to great effect by all who know of its beauty and power.

Located on Uruguay's southern coast, the new ring-shaped bridge across Laguna Garzon was built to replace a raft crossing between the cities of Rocha and Maldonado. Designed by architect Rafael Viñoly, the curved design was chosen to force drivers to slow down, according to TechInsider. The bridge also features two pedestrian walkways to take in the view. While the raft crossing previously only allowed two cars to cross the lagoon, this new circular bridge allows 1,000 vehicles to pass at a time, reports Amusing Planet. Its construction is also expected to improve coastal development along the city Rocha.

The causes of iron chlorosis are complex and not entirely understood. Many reactions govern iron availability and make iron chemistry in soil complex. Iron chlorosis frequently occurs in soils that are alkaline (pH greater than 7.0) and that contain lime; conditions that are common in Utah. Even though there typically is plenty of iron in these soils, the high soil pH causes chemical reactions that make the iron solid and unavailable to plant roots. Such iron will be tied up indefinitely unless soil conditions change. This explains why rusty nails or iron shavings do not correct iron deficiency: iron released by these materials immediately forms solids that are unavailable to plants.

Mathematics & Music
"There is geometry in the humming of the strings, there is music in the spacing of the spheres." — Pythagoras
Mathematics & Music poster

Counting, rhythm, scales, intervals, patterns, symbols, harmonies, time signatures, overtones, tone, pitch. The notations of composers and sounds made by musicians are connected to mathematics. The next time you hear or play classical, rock, folk, religious, ceremonial, jazz, opera, pop, or contemporary types of music, think of what mathematics and music have in common and how mathematics is used to create the music you enjoy.

Explore the connections between mathematics and music in the videos, podcasts, and articles below.
Videos

Music + Math: Symmetry. "From Pythagoras' observations of the fundamental mathematical relationship between vibrating strings and harmony to the digitized musical world we enjoy today, The Majesty of Music and Mathematics with the Santa Fe Symphony and the Santa Fe Institute will explore the remarkable interweaving of the languages of music and mathematics." View the entire Santa Fe Institute series, covering the tritone, harmonics, ratios and more.

Geometry in Music; Dmitri Tymoczko. "What could be a better medium to communicate math to the public than the universal language of music? Ever since Pythagoras used numerical terms to express intervals between notes and derived musical tones from geometrical patterns, mathematicians have linked music to numbers." At the SIAM Annual Meeting in 2010, Tymoczko used graphics and sound to connect math to the music of Chopin, Mozart, and Schubert. Video by Adam Bauser, Bauser Media Group.

Combining Math and Music. Eugenia Cheng, a mathematician who also is a concert pianist, describes how a mathematical breakthrough enabled Johann Sebastian Bach to write "The Well-Tempered Clavier" (1722). At the time, Cheng was a visiting senior lecturer in mathematics at the University of Chicago.

The Science Behind the Arts: The Maths Behind Music. University of Surrey, England.

David Kung on "Symphonic Equations: Waves and Tubes." David Kung (St Mary's College of Maryland) presents "Symphonic Equations: Waves and Tubes" -- a miniexcursion into math and music, presented as a MAA Distinguished Lecture at the Carnegie Institution for Science.
More Videos

Turning math into music. Sean Hardesty (Rice University) plays the opening of the Sibelius Violin Concerto and discusses the relationship between mathematics and music.

The world's ugliest music: Scott Rickard at TEDxMIA. Scott Rickard has degrees in mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering from M.I.T. and MA and PhD degrees in applied and computational mathematics from Princeton University. Rickard says that he is "passionate about mathematics, music and educating the next generation of scientists and mathematicians."

Robert Schneider - Reverie in Prime Time Signatures (August 2013, Banff Centre). Robert Schneider (Apples in Stereo/Elephant 6) composed this theme for "MSI (Math Sciences Investigation): Anatomy of Integers and Permutations," a play by mathematician Andrew Granville and screenwriter Jennifer Granville. "As the title indicates, the piece is written in prime-numbered time signatures; which is to say, there is a prime number of beats in each measure. The main theme plays in the time signature 7/4, which indicates 7 beats per measure, with an interlude that passes through the signatures 2/4, 3/4 and 5/4 as well. From the constraints imposed by these rhythmic patterns, melodies emerged naturally as I composed, special to each prime..."

Music and math: The genius of Beethoven – Natalya St. Clair TED Ed. Natalya St. Clair uses the Moonlight Sonata "to illustrate the way Beethoven was able to convey emotion and creativity using the certainty of mathematics."

The Math Behind Music. Ethan Thompson and David Hamilton explain the math behind music in a fun, concise way in this finalist entry in the 2015 Math-O-Vision contest.