Post by 1dave on Mar 28, 2022 13:23:58 GMT -5
2002/11/8
Hi Dave,
1) Spherical form to liquids and gases: When two substances are mixed together that don't dissolve, or that one substance will not dissolve the other because it is saturated such as clouds in air saturated with water vapor, COHESION is the mechanism by which a substance pulls up into spheres, be it clouds in air, mercury in air, water on Turtle Wax, oil in water, etc. Water has a maximum size where it can be spherical in gravity which is about the size of a raindrop. In the weightlessness of space, water can form a sphere as large as the space in the shuttle will allow.
Electrostatic forces hold electrons to nuclei in atoms, negative ions react with positive ions to form molecules, polar molecules in liquids form spheres in non polar molecules because one has + and - ends while the later has no polarity. And gravity makes the planets and suns round. Some small moons and asteroids are not spheres because they did not form with a liquid core.
Cohesion seeks to pull a substance together until the surface area is at minimum and that is a sphere. It’s the nature of the universe.
2) When granite melts, it already has pristine water dissolved in it. So much so that along with other gases such as CO2 and SO2, the first rhyolitic eruptions are so violent that the liquid is blown into particles of air-fall ash. Later, the eruptions are still vigorous, but with less volatiles and the result is larger particles blown up out of volcanoes maintain temperatures high enough that when they fall, they are still liquid and meld together to form ash-flow tuffs (or ignembrites, or nue' ardente; all synonyms).
With almost all CO2 and SO2 gone, (some water remains in solution because it has a far lower vapor pressure than the former) rhyolite and/or perlite erupts as liquid lava. Perlite retains water both in molecular and ionic form. That gives the perlite the property of poping into pumice when heated to about 1200 degrees F. "Popped perlite is used for plaster medium, scouring blocks and potting soil mixes.
When perlite is erupted, it is often accompanied with pumice which can be imagined as foam on beer that has solidified. When the saturation point with water reaches equilibrium in the liquid perlite, no more leaves. Solidified perlite contains pristine magmatic water in ranges from about 0.5 to as much as 5 %.
When the perlite lava is extruded, the loss of pressure allows chemical reactions to take place. The water reacts with the alkali end-members (K, Na) of the feldspar in solution in the silica, (remember that the feldspars and silica glass are both liquid). Years ago I found this silicified book and found that I could read it.
The Potassium and Sodium atoms loves one of the two Hydrogen atoms mated with the Oxygen atom in water more than they do the Oxygen which stays faithful with the other three Oxygen atoms mated with the Silicon atom. This leaves the Oxygen atom mad! With only one Hydrogen atom, it has been stripped from molecular status to the lowly status of ionism, becoming a Hydroxyl ion. But, the Hydroxyl ion sees the lonely Oxygen atom that the Potassium (or Sodium) atom has deserted and realizes that the once happy Oxygen now belongs to the ionic status also. Now, the Silica atom is now reduced to the ionic status of a Silicate ion. So, it welcomes the Hydroxyl ion to marry its lonely Oxygen atom.
When this happens, the Silicate ion has regained the status of molecularhood. It is now free to abandon the Feldspar neighborhood which has been weakened by the scandal of the ionic status affairs. So, whenever another Feldspar neighborhood with identical destabilizing gossip happens to pass near, the Silica feels more sympathetic toward the other Silica, so they leave their Alumino-Silicate neighborhoods. When they do this, they leave an Oxygen behind. Now scantily dressed in tetrahedra style with a naked site, other tetrahedra also scantily dressed, see this and wisely invite each other into the Church of the Polymeric Brotherhood.
While they will never be as strongly bonded as they were in Crystalline Purity when they took anything for Granite before the Volcanic Wars, they are now stronger as faithful Polymers and enjoy molecular status and brotherhood in the new land of Glass.
Meanwhile, under the influence of the heat liquefaction, some lucky tetrahedra will bump into each other, and become born-again Crystals. They will join together, obeying the Law of their High Priest, Spinel, they can stand tall, one on the shoulders of the next, and reach Nirvana in the God of High Cristobalite.
And that being done, every Polymer will host the Cristobalites in the land of Glass. The Alumino-Silicate sinners of gossip, will fall into the Hell of Kaolinite, clay unto dust, while the Finest of Cristobalites will open with hearts of Agate, and they shall be re-incarneliated into another consciousness by the Gatherers of Entities in the Heaven of Study and Display Cases. And the Ladies of this Heaven shall wear Cameos made from the finest of hearts and they shall say: Ahhhh Men!
Paul, Der Kid
Hi Dave,
1) Spherical form to liquids and gases: When two substances are mixed together that don't dissolve, or that one substance will not dissolve the other because it is saturated such as clouds in air saturated with water vapor, COHESION is the mechanism by which a substance pulls up into spheres, be it clouds in air, mercury in air, water on Turtle Wax, oil in water, etc. Water has a maximum size where it can be spherical in gravity which is about the size of a raindrop. In the weightlessness of space, water can form a sphere as large as the space in the shuttle will allow.
Electrostatic forces hold electrons to nuclei in atoms, negative ions react with positive ions to form molecules, polar molecules in liquids form spheres in non polar molecules because one has + and - ends while the later has no polarity. And gravity makes the planets and suns round. Some small moons and asteroids are not spheres because they did not form with a liquid core.
Cohesion seeks to pull a substance together until the surface area is at minimum and that is a sphere. It’s the nature of the universe.
2) When granite melts, it already has pristine water dissolved in it. So much so that along with other gases such as CO2 and SO2, the first rhyolitic eruptions are so violent that the liquid is blown into particles of air-fall ash. Later, the eruptions are still vigorous, but with less volatiles and the result is larger particles blown up out of volcanoes maintain temperatures high enough that when they fall, they are still liquid and meld together to form ash-flow tuffs (or ignembrites, or nue' ardente; all synonyms).
With almost all CO2 and SO2 gone, (some water remains in solution because it has a far lower vapor pressure than the former) rhyolite and/or perlite erupts as liquid lava. Perlite retains water both in molecular and ionic form. That gives the perlite the property of poping into pumice when heated to about 1200 degrees F. "Popped perlite is used for plaster medium, scouring blocks and potting soil mixes.
When perlite is erupted, it is often accompanied with pumice which can be imagined as foam on beer that has solidified. When the saturation point with water reaches equilibrium in the liquid perlite, no more leaves. Solidified perlite contains pristine magmatic water in ranges from about 0.5 to as much as 5 %.
When the perlite lava is extruded, the loss of pressure allows chemical reactions to take place. The water reacts with the alkali end-members (K, Na) of the feldspar in solution in the silica, (remember that the feldspars and silica glass are both liquid). Years ago I found this silicified book and found that I could read it.
Now, According to the Book of Kid:
The Potassium and Sodium atoms loves one of the two Hydrogen atoms mated with the Oxygen atom in water more than they do the Oxygen which stays faithful with the other three Oxygen atoms mated with the Silicon atom. This leaves the Oxygen atom mad! With only one Hydrogen atom, it has been stripped from molecular status to the lowly status of ionism, becoming a Hydroxyl ion. But, the Hydroxyl ion sees the lonely Oxygen atom that the Potassium (or Sodium) atom has deserted and realizes that the once happy Oxygen now belongs to the ionic status also. Now, the Silica atom is now reduced to the ionic status of a Silicate ion. So, it welcomes the Hydroxyl ion to marry its lonely Oxygen atom.
When this happens, the Silicate ion has regained the status of molecularhood. It is now free to abandon the Feldspar neighborhood which has been weakened by the scandal of the ionic status affairs. So, whenever another Feldspar neighborhood with identical destabilizing gossip happens to pass near, the Silica feels more sympathetic toward the other Silica, so they leave their Alumino-Silicate neighborhoods. When they do this, they leave an Oxygen behind. Now scantily dressed in tetrahedra style with a naked site, other tetrahedra also scantily dressed, see this and wisely invite each other into the Church of the Polymeric Brotherhood.
While they will never be as strongly bonded as they were in Crystalline Purity when they took anything for Granite before the Volcanic Wars, they are now stronger as faithful Polymers and enjoy molecular status and brotherhood in the new land of Glass.
Meanwhile, under the influence of the heat liquefaction, some lucky tetrahedra will bump into each other, and become born-again Crystals. They will join together, obeying the Law of their High Priest, Spinel, they can stand tall, one on the shoulders of the next, and reach Nirvana in the God of High Cristobalite.
And that being done, every Polymer will host the Cristobalites in the land of Glass. The Alumino-Silicate sinners of gossip, will fall into the Hell of Kaolinite, clay unto dust, while the Finest of Cristobalites will open with hearts of Agate, and they shall be re-incarneliated into another consciousness by the Gatherers of Entities in the Heaven of Study and Display Cases. And the Ladies of this Heaven shall wear Cameos made from the finest of hearts and they shall say: Ahhhh Men!
Paul, Der Kid
